When installing one or more water heaters, whether in your home or in a larger commercial application, two different types of piping systems can be utilized. The two types are called series piping systems and parallel piping systems. 

Series Water Heater Piping Systems

When a plumber is installing a series pipeline system, all of the pipes are connected directly to one another so that the water flows in a continuous line. This type of piping system can be used when more than one water heater is needed, but generally is only used in a single-family home when there is one single water heater located in the location and an average amount of hot water is needed at the same time.

While using a series piping system, you would start by putting the cold water into water heater number one. Then, in the series, the hot water outlet from the series water heater number one would either go directly into the house or into the cold inlet of water heater number two. Then, the hot water outlet of water heater number two would go into your home.

The idea is when homeowners thought that at one point they were trying to raise the water temperature by 100 degrees, the system raises the water 50 degrees in the first water heater. Then it raises the water another 50 degrees in the second water heater for use in the space, using more voltage to heat up a smaller amount of water.

This type of system has shown over time that when using a system of multiple water heaters, a series piping system will usually prematurely wear out the first water heater twice as fast as normally expected.

Parallel Water Heater Piping Systems

When a plumber installs a parallel piping system, it is always used when more than one water heater is installed in the location. The beauty of a parallel piping system lies in its efficiency. It allows you to use both water heaters simultaneously, acting in unison as one much larger water heater.

This not only provides a larger volume of hot water but also extends the lifespan of both water heaters, giving you peace of mind and confidence in your choice. 

For all amounts of water discharged from one unit, the same amount of water is replaced instantly into the second water heater. In the whole water heater system, units in the parallel circuit both use the same amount of heat to function, and this equal voltage is due to the amount of length of the supply and delivery piping.

The supply and delivery piping are the same sizes to prevent the cold inlet piping from overworking due to constant water pressure. Piping in parallel allows equal water heater use. In parallel, the system uses the same water heater type and size. Each heater has the same voltage but a different current.

This equal voltage is due to the length of the supply and delivery piping. If you have a water heater installed in a location and later realize that you are using much more hot water than your heater can keep up with, sometimes it is smarter to add a second water heater to an existing heater rather than replacing it with a larger one.

For example, if you need 80 gallons of hot water at one time, it is best to have two 40-gallon water heaters instead of one large 80-gallon heater. Mostly, this is applied in larger commercial applications. 

Generally, you can use either a series or parallel circuit while installing your water heater. However, it is better to use parallel to efficiently heat and preserve your water heater. Different water heater types can be used in series, and the same current controls both heaters. With this information, you can determine which connection method works better for you and make great use of your water heaters.

St Paul Pipeworks – Your Local Plumber

If you are looking to have a new water heater installed in your home or are just looking for a quality professional plumber in St. Paul or a plumber in the Minneapolis metro area, give St Paul Pipeworks Plumbing a call today. 

Yours Truly,

Matthew Dettwiler

Social Media Manager

FAQs

Q: How often should water heater piping systems be inspected?

A: It is recommended to have your water heater piping system inspected at least once a year. Regular inspections ensure that there are no leaks, corrosion, or blockages in the pipes, which could lead to inefficiencies or potential damage. Consulting with a local plumber can help catch issues early and extend the lifespan of your system.

Q: What materials are commonly used in water heater piping systems?

A: The most common materials used in water heater piping systems are copper, PEX (cross-linked polyethylene), and CPVC (chlorinated polyvinyl chloride). Each material has its advantages and suitability depending on your home’s plumbing system and local building codes. A local plumber can help you understand which material is best for your setup.

Q: Can I upgrade my water heater piping system to improve efficiency?

A: Yes, upgrading your water heater piping system can improve efficiency and reduce heat loss. For instance, insulating pipes or switching to more durable materials can provide better performance. Speak to a local plumber to assess your current system and explore potential upgrades for energy savings.

Q: What are the signs of a failing water heater piping system?

A: Common signs include reduced water pressure, unusual noises like banging or hissing, water discoloration, or visible leaks. If you notice any of these issues, it’s essential to contact a local plumber promptly to inspect and repair your piping system before the problems escalate.

Q: Is it necessary to replace the piping when installing a new water heater?

A: Not always, but it depends on the condition and compatibility of your existing piping system. If the pipes are old, corroded, or do not meet the requirements of the new water heater, replacement may be necessary for optimal operation. A local plumber can evaluate your existing pipes and recommend whether replacement is needed.